Authorship of the book of joel

The temple is standing, and the priesthood is active. The book of joel is part of the jewish tanakh, and also the old testament of the christian bible. Our english order matches the greek placement of the book. Joel reflects on the day of the lord and how true repentance will bring about the great restoration hoped for in the other prophetic books. Joel and the locust invasion reformed bible studies. The wrath of god on the unbelieving nations is described as gods trampling of the grapes in the winepress 3. Neither today nor during the great tribulation is the time to beat swords into ploughshares. Third, i will discuss what is known about grecoroman scribes, their involvement in the production of new testament documents, and the implication of scribal activity on the issue of peter the. Patterson for one states that, he wrote with a pure classical yet logical style, distinguished by its clarity, flow of thought, and beauty of expression. Joel is a common name in the old testament, but the author of this prophesy is mentioned nowhere else but here. The book was written from jerusalem between bc 835 796 to the people of israel and to all later readers of the bible. Because of the fulfilled supernatural predictions of isaiah, critics. The authors treatment of the problems literary, historical, and theological is well informed, fair, and judicious.

The greek septuagint lxx, and latin vulgate versions follow the hebrew masoretic text, titling this book after joel the prophet, the recipient of the message from god 1. Most scholars date the book after the exile to babylon 586 b. The nonbiblical legends about him are unconvincing. All attempts to ascertain precisely when joel lived and wrote the book have been frustrated for lack of enough evidence. The book of joel accounts for justice over evil in a form thats unique to the other old testament prophets. He is not mentioned outside the books of joel and acts ac 2. I wanted to present some of the reasons for a postexilic authorship. Book lectors introduction romans a reading from pauls letter to the romans.

While the book of isaiah claims to be written in the 8 th century b. It appears as though the limited evidence we have supports the idea that joel wrote his book late in the ninth century approximately 830800 bc, during the reign of joash. Joel gross novels, including the books of rachel, have been selected by the book of the month club and the literary guild. The book of joel is part of the hebrew bible, one of twelve prophetic books known as the. Joel means jehovah is my god and he pictures christ as the restorer. Christianity today among the excellent major commentaries. The author of the prophecy is identified only as joel the son of pethuel. An exact year is impossible to give, but a general estimate for joels authorship would be the fifth or fourth centuries bc. If we deny daniels authorship, then this places us in the uncomfortable position of calling this author a liar and a fraud.

Posted on december 31, 2019 updated on december 26, 2019. Joel definition is the traditionally assumed author of the book of joel. A locust invasion precipitated the vision of the next book in our yearlong study of the old testament writing prophets. The prophet joel, son of pethuel, is the author of the book of joel.

But why, it may be asked, is the idea of dual authorship suggested at all, especially when the great mass of old testament scholars believe in single authorship. Joel introduction commentary commentary critical and. Design and authorship in the book of margery kempe. Proverbs consists of several collections originating from various sources, notably egyptian. One of the most compelling arguments for dating the writing of the book of joel explains this omission by suggesting the prophecy occurred in the aftermath of judahs only ruling queen, athaliah d. A tribute to a man whose lifes work has centered on the study of authorship and who is a scholar and book collector of the first magnitude, the professions of authorship examines the business of writing, publishing, and selling books or what george v.

After a superscription ascribing the prophecy to joel son of pethuel, the book may be broken down into the. Crenshaws fresh translation of the biblical prophecy of joel combines the latest research into hebrew language and literature with downtoearth insights into how joels words relate to the modern world. Joel, the first of the writing prophets, projects himself into the future and looks back upon the great tribulation period, the day of the lord. Book of joel encyclopedia of the bible bible gateway. I recently gave a talk to the emergency medicine residents at nmc portsmouth about authorship and academic careers in the navy.

Joel with book summary versebyverse bible commentary. While obadiah mentioned the terrifying event first obadiah 15, joels book gives some of the most striking and specific details in all of scripture about the day of. The book of joel has striking linguistic parallels to the language of amos, micah, zephaniah, jeremiah and ezekiel. Book of joel overview insight for living ministries. The book contains no references to datable historical events. The first verse of this short book names joel jehovah is god the son of pethuel as author. The author s it would be impossible to enumerate and identify every writer who contributed to the book of daniel.

Introduction to old testament final part 1 flashcards. Higgins describes in this volume as a perplexing, disorganized, chameleonic enterprise. Joel calls the inhabitants of judah and jerusalem to lament and return to the lord during a time of national disaster. Older tradition ascribing hebrews to paul clearly does not hold water. The book of joel written around 800bc and begins by describing a disastrous attack of locusts in the country of judah. Joel intro to joel biblica the international bible society. Here are the books of the bible along with the name of who is most assumed by biblical scholars to be the author, along with the approximate date of authorship. The most compelling argument i found for the early authorship of joel is an article published by victor avigdor hurowitz from ben gurion university, israel in 1993 titled. Understanding the book of joel creator is universal. The prophet joel cannot be identified with any of the 12 other figures in the ot who have the same name. Joel friedlander, one of the leading advocates for selfpublishing on the internet, draws on a lifetime of experience helping selfpublishers launch their books.

Arguments for the unity of authorship of joel have in some cases regarded the locusts as symbolic and in others as real, without apparently impairing the validity. Very little is known about joel except that he is the son of pethuel. The genre of joel is narrative and prophetic oracle. Books of the bible, authors and dates of writing bible book. The term indicates the short length of the text in relation to longer prophetic texts known as the major prophets. Byu speeches, ep the authorship of the book of mormon noel b. The book of joel is part of the hebrew bible, one of twelve prophetic books known as the twelve minor prophets. While modern critics hold to this perspective, there are a number of reasons for believing in the biblical authorship of daniel. While the book of daniel claims to be written roughly around 530 bc, critics of the ot claim that it was written in 167 bc, during the maccabean era. He is a member of pen, the dramatists guild, the authors guild and the writers guild. The scope of this book does not allow an extensive examination of the issues of authorship and dating of each book old testament book.

Authorship of song of songs also known as canticles is anonymous, though the majority of scholars have historically cited solomon as the book s probable author there is debate because some of the book s terminology probably didnt exist in the hebrew language until perhaps 500 bc. Books of the bible, authors and dates of writing bible. A day of darkness and of gloominess, a day of clouds and of thick darkness, as the morning spread upon the mountains. Intro to joel biblica the international bible society. The book of joel is apocalyptic in nature, referring to the day of the lord. Most scholars agree that the prophet isaiah likely only wrote a portion of the book, but recent scholarship also argues that even the portions he didnt physically write. Joel is referred to only once in the new testament acts 2. Its a beautiful view even with the warehouses of fradley park in the middle distance. The book reached its final form around the 3rd century bce. Judah, the setting for the book, is devastated by a vast horde of locusts. The author is one of 14 men in the old testament who shared this name. Few of the books of the bible specifically name their author.

Yuil was a prophet of ancient israel, the second of the twelve minor prophets and according to the book itself the author of the book of joel. Her young grandson, joash, succeeded athaliah upon her death. Book of joel simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Joel is bright and flowing, his imagery and language are fine driver, introduction to the literature of the old testament. We refer to the book of joel, which describes a plague of locusts under the old covenant as a type of the day of the lord joel 1. God compares the past to the future in the book of joel. He is mentioned by name only once in the hebrew bible, in the introduction to that.

Joel had a remarkable vision of the relationship of divine purpose to human history, even though a single messianic figure is lacking in his book. The book of joel is without the customary dating formula used by the prophets hos. We will, however, discuss the case for authorship and dating for the most disputed and vigorously attacked books. Studies in the minor prophets joel the day of the lord 1. Joel 1 future events, beginning with 1 the lord leading an army of locusts that will cause plague and famine 2 restoration after the plague 3 the coming of the holy spirit 4 the great and terrible day of the lord 5 enemy nations judged. The day of the lord is spoken of five times in this book, this is a thousand year period where christ will set up his kingdom on earth from the time he returns to earth till the creation of the new heaven and the new earth. His name bdb 222 is a combination of two names for god. Be ashamed, o ye husbandmen, wail, o ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley. Just come with me for a moment in your imagination to the top of eastern avenue, up near the friary school. Joel was a contemporary of both hosea and amos, though he ministered to the southern. Joels locust plague in light of sargon iis hymn to nanaya. Authorship and academic careers in the navy joel schofers. Judging from his concern with judah and jerusalem see 2. The name of the book is the same both in hebrew and in the english and greek translations.

Dec 31, 2019 authorship and academic careers in the navy. Basically, it is that, the day of the lord is coming to bring judgment for gods enemies and restoration for gods people. Any hebrew name that ends in iah is also an abbreviation for yhwh isaiah. This summary of the book of joel provides information about the title, author s, date of writing, chronology, theme, theology, outline, a brief overview, and the chapters of the book of joel. Genesis, exodus, leviticus, numbers, deuteronomy moses 1400 b. The books of joel, obadiah, jonah, and micah the new. Excellent reasons have been given for a preexilic authorship of the book of joel. Unlike the other books, joel tells us a story about a terrible plague of locusts that seems to. This summary of the book of joel provides information about the title, authors, date of writing, chronology, theme, theology, outline, a brief overview, and the chapters of the book of joel. Its purpose was to call the southern kingdom to repentance or prepare for the coming judgment. There have been many guesses as to the time of when joel lived. The book of obadiah is the shortest book in the old testament since it contains only 21 verses.

This work, apparently the first autobiography in english and a remarkable documentary source for its place and time, now stands second only to chaucer as a late medieval text taught regularly in classrooms throughout the united states and the united kingdom. Here is the outline of the talk and some tips academic career options. The book of joel introduction to the book of joel in the bible. Joel meaning one to whom jehovah is god, that is, worshipper of jehovah seems to have belonged to judah, as no reference occurs to israel.

Studies in the minor prophets joel the day of the lord. Joel joel 800 bc amos amos 760 bc obadiah obadiah 845 bc jonah jonah 780 bc micah micah 725 bc nahum nahum 655 bc habakkuk habakkuk 620 bc zephaniah zephaniah 625 bc by james moriello, firm foundation christian church, woonsocket ri, 2015. Joel was a prophet in the southern kingdom of judah during the period of the divided kingdom 930722 bc. In the greek canon joel is placed after daniel and hosea and before amos. From the contents of the book, it seems obvious that its message was addressed to the inhabitants of the southern kingdom judah. The book gives us no other information about the prophet, and he is mentioned nowhere else in scripture. The second major problem in the book concerns the fulfillment of joel 2. His abiding contribution to christian thought is in his teaching about the outpouring of the divine spirit on all flesh 2. Its purpose was to call the southern kingdom to repentance or prepare for.

Since the book of joel contains no clear indications as to when it was written, it is exceedingly difficult to date the book. Chapters 12 refer to a plague of locusts which ravaged judah at the time. Youre looking out over the trent valley towards burton on a day in early summer. Crenshaw captures the ominous, yet hopeful spirit of joels prophecy in his new translation and commentary. Books of the bible, authors and dates of writing bible book author date of writing approximate genesis moses 1446 bc exodus moses 1405 bc leviticus moses 1405 bc numbers moses 1405 bc. First, i will establish the case for petrine authorship of 1 peter. Amos is a shepherd and a fruit picker from the judean village of tekoa when god calls him, even though he lacks an education or a priestly background. Second, i will present and evaluate the most important arguments to the contrary. This attack causes significant damage to the economy and agriculture as this disaster of locusts is accompanied by a severe famine throughout the land. The book of amos was likely written between 760 and 753 b. We know nothing else about him other than the name of his father.

He demonstrates wide knowledge and fine scholarly judgment. Joel sets his message up by pointing to a literal locust plague which he poetically morphs into a. The authors of the textbook suggest that the book of joel was written. The book of margery kempe has emerged in the past twenty years as the most important literary text by a woman in medieval england. This invasion of locusts destroys everythingthe fields of grain, the vineyards, the gardens and the trees. Also a playwright and screenwriter, gross received his ma in english and comparative literature at columbia university.

All of this points to a date of approximately 835 bc or soon after, making joel one of the earliest writing prophets, as well as a contemporary of the prophet elisha. His father, pethuel, is mentioned nowhere else in the bible. Amos mission is directed to his neighbor to the north, israel. He is mentioned by name only once in the hebrew bible, in the introduction to that book. There is no date given for his message, although he mentions that jerusalem is still standing, and the enemies he talks about are prebabylonian exile enemies. There are numerous challenges in the book of isaiah that lead scholars to speculate about which parts were written by isaiah himself, and what else was added and by whom. Joel speaks of gods wrath and ultimate punishment of all the nations that oppressed gods people. Twelve other men in the old testament have this name, none of whom can be identified with the author of this book.

First, the book claims to be written by daniel dan. Joel may be reckoned among the classics of hebrew literature. Jan 01, 2009 the book of margery kempe has emerged in the past twenty years as the most important literary text by a woman in medieval england. At the bare minimum of historical possibility we would have two authors. Indirect references throughout the book have been claimed in support of dates that have differed from each other by as much as half a millennium. We say this because joel speaks of the activities of the house of the lord 1. Besides this very short message we do not know anything about the person and circumstances of joel s life. The book of joel was likely written between 835 and 800 b. As the apostle john describes in the book of revelation. Biblical canon authorship english bible translations other books referenced in the bible pseudepigrapha list new testament apocrypha. This invasion of locusts destroys everythingthe fields of grain, the vineyards, the. Many interpreters date it somewhere between the late seventh and early fifth centuries b. Indirect references throughout the book have been claimed in support of dates that have differed from each other by as much as half a.

Joel describes a plague of locusts in palestine it is hard to know when the book joel was written since the events told about may have happened many times. In any case, its message is not significantly affected by its dating. Key personalities are joel and the people of judah. The book of joel also makes ample mention of priests, temple rituals, and nations, such as phoenicia, philistia, egypt, and edom, that were prominent in the late ninth century bc. The author is unknown, but various inconsistencies and apparent insertions suggest later editing and additions. The authorship of the book of daniel is virtually undisputed in scholarly study. Summary of the book of joel the story of the bible.

No matter what kind of book you want to publish, the advice, inspiration and downtoearth tips in this book will help you get to your goal. The prophet joel is identified only as joel son of pethuel joel 1. Joel sets his message up by pointing to a literal locust plague which he poetically morphs into a eschatological day of the lord. We now turn to the book of joel, and this will be the first of two lessons 2. However, this little book is like an atom bombit is not very big, but it sure is potent and powerful. As with many of the hebrew prophets, virtually nothing is known of joel aside from the contestable details that can. Design and authorship in the book of margery kempe by. Consequently, especially by modern audiences, this tiny book has been overlooked or totally ignored and to the detriment of the church. Familiar with the temple and may have lived in jerusalem. What we use to determine the date, in that case, is internal evidence reference to various nations, events, etc.

The case for petrine authorship of 1 peter religious. It contains some 1,000 lines, of which about 750 form the original core. The book of joel is often noted for its rich poetic5 imagery. Joel was written because of a locust plague described in chap. Ultimately the book of joel will find its fulfillment in the great tribulation, the time of jacobs trouble, preceding the judgment of the nations 3. The name joel means jehovah is god, and we know very little about the author. Any hebrew name that began with j plus a vowel was usually an abbreviation for yhwh.

Little is known about joel, a prophet from judah perhaps jerusalem. The book of joel states that its author was the prophet joel joel 1. Introductionauthorship, date, place, recipients and. Unlike many of the prophets, joel does not specify which kings were in power at the time of his writing.